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湖言乱语/斯瓦迪士核心词表

本页面列出的是斯瓦迪士核心词表的中英对照版,本列表由美国语言学家Morris Swadesh在1940年代到1950年代提出。他从统计学的角度用分析不同的语言(以印欧语系语言为主),得出一个大约有100个词的核心词列表,据此认为,基本上所有语言的词汇都应该包含这些词语。

序号 中文 英语
1 I
2 you 单
3 he
4 我们 we
5 你们 you 复
6 他们 they
7 this
8 that
9 这里 here
10 那里 there
11 who
12 什么 what
13 哪里 where
14 何时 when
15 如何 how
16 not
17 所有 all
18 many
19 一些 some
20 few
21 其他 other
22 one
23 two
24 three
25 four
26 five
27 big
28 long
29 wide
30 thick
31 heavy
32 small
33 short
34 narrow
35 thin
36 woman
37 man (adult male)
38 man (human being)
39 kid
40 wife
41 husband
42 mother
43 father
44 动物 animal
45 fish
46 bird
47 hound
48 louse
49 snake
50 worm
51 beam
52 forest
53 stick
54 fruit
55 seed
56 leaf
57 root
58 树皮 bark (from tree)
59 flower
60 grass
61 rope
62 skin
63 meat
64 blood
65 bone
66 fat (n.)
67 egg
68 horn
69 tail
70 feather
71 hair
72 head
73 ear
74 eye
75 nose
76 mouth
77 tooth
78 tongue
79 指甲 fingernail
80 foot
81 leg
82 knee
83 hand
84 wing
85 belly
86 guts
87 neck
88 back
89 breast
90 heart
91 liver
92 drink
93 eat
94 bite
95 suck
96 spit
97 vomit
98 blow
99 呼吸 breathe
100 laugh
101 see
102 hear
103 know (a fact)
104 think
105 smell
106 fear
107 sleep
108 live
109 die
110 kill
111 fight
112 hunt
113 hit
114 cut
115 split
116 stab
117 scratch
118 dig
119 swim
120 fly (v.)
121 walk
122 come
123 lie
124 sit
125 stand
126 turn
127 fall
128 give
129 hold
130 squeeze
131 rub
132 wash
133 wipe
134 pull
135 push
136 throw
137 tie
138 sew
139 count
140 say
141 sing
142 play
143 float
144 flow
145 freeze
146 swell
147 sun
148 moon
149 star
150 water
151 rain
152 river
153 lake
154 sea
155 salt
156 stone
157 sand
158 dust
159 earth
160 cloud
161 fog
162 sky
163 wind
164 snow
165 ice
166 smoke
167 fire
168 ashes
169 burn
170 road
171 mountain
172 red
173 绿 green
174 yellow
175 white
176 black
177 night
178 白天 day
179 year
180 warm
181 cold
182 full
183 new
184 old
185 good
186 bad
187 rotten
188 dirty
189 straight
190 round
191 sharp
192 dull
193 smooth
194 湿 wet
195 dry
196 correct
197 near
198 far
199 right
200 left
201 at
202 in
203 with
204 and
205 if
206 because
207 name
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